Exact relationship
Reflection coefficient, return loss, VSWR, and mismatch loss
Convert return loss into reflection coefficient magnitude, VSWR, reflected power, and mismatch loss for a stated incident power.
Engine category
RF and Antennas
Published tools in this category solve distinct design decisions. Each keeps its assumptions, limits, and next decision visible.
Exact ideal relationship
Frequency, wavelength, and electrical length
Calculate wavelength, propagation delay, and the physical length for a target electrical angle in a stated medium.
Standard approximation
RF link-budget workspace
Calculate free-space path loss and received power from transmit power, antenna gains, distance, and frequency.
Exact ideal relationship
Antenna gain and effective aperture
Convert antenna gain in dBi and operating frequency into an equivalent effective aperture area.
Standard approximation
Dipole length estimator
Estimate a starting half-wave dipole total length and per-arm length from frequency and a shortening factor.
Standard approximation
Microstrip patch starting-dimension estimator
Estimate starting microstrip patch width, effective permittivity, and resonant length from frequency, dielectric constant, and substrate height.
Standard approximation
Small loop antenna estimator
Classify a loop antenna as electrically small and estimate its ideal radiation resistance from circumference and frequency.
Standard approximation
Single-stub matching designer
Solve single-stub matching susceptance and stub position for a real normalized load impedance.
Exact ideal relationship
L-network impedance matching
Calculate the loaded Q of a basic two-element L-network matching two real resistances.
Standard approximation
Pi and T matching network designer
Decompose a Pi matching network into two L-sections through a chosen virtual resistance and source-side Q.
Exact ideal relationship
Smith chart plotting tool
Map a normalized impedance (or a matched, short, or open preset) to its reflection coefficient.
Exact ideal relationship
Coaxial cable impedance
Estimate coaxial cable characteristic impedance from outer and inner conductor diameters and dielectric constant.
Exact ideal relationship
RF unit and level converter
Convert RF power in dBm to RMS and peak voltage at a stated real reference impedance.
Exact ideal relationship
Cascaded gain and noise figure
Apply the Friis formula to combine two-stage linear gain and noise figures into a total cascaded noise figure.
Standard approximation
Cascaded IP3 and compression planner
Combine two cascaded stages' third-order intercept points into an input-referred cascaded IIP3.
Exact ideal relationship
RF attenuator pad designer
Calculate matched symmetric T-pad resistor values for a target attenuation and reference impedance.
Exact ideal relationship
Directional coupler power interpretation
Convert a directional coupler's coupled-port reading and coupling factor into sampled main-line power.
Exact ideal relationship
PLL frequency planner
Calculate PFD, VCO, and output frequency from a reference frequency and integer reference, feedback, and output dividers.
Exact ideal relationship
DDS tuning-word calculator
Calculate a direct digital synthesizer tuning word and the actual quantized output frequency from clock frequency and accumulator width.
Exact ideal relationship
Crystal load-capacitor selector
Calculate symmetric external load-capacitor values from a crystal's specified load capacitance and board stray capacitance.
Standard approximation
Oscillator ppm and frequency-error budget
Combine initial tolerance, temperature, and aging ppm contributors into a worst-case oscillator error range and time error.